Complications of Diabetes

Complications of diabetes are a leading cause of death in Diabetic patients. Diabetes is a chronic disease that may not present with any symptoms though the increased levels of glucose predispose a patient to number of chronic complications. Also the untreated or inappropriately treated patients are at risk of acute complications.

Acute Complications 

  1. Hyperglycemia related – Untreated patients may present in hospital with acute complications like Diabetic Ketoacidosis or non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma.
  2. Hypoglycemia – In appropriately treated patients or patients with other comorbidity may suddenly land up in hypoglycemia. The presentation may vary from excessive hunger and sweating to unconsciousness and coma.
  3. Other related acute complications – Diabetic patients are at a very high risk of various infections. Patients suffering from neuropathy or peripheral vascular disease may also present with cellulitis or non healing ulcer.

Chronic Complications

Microvascular

  1. Neuropathy
  2. Retinopathy
  3. Nephropathy

Macrovascular

  1. Cardiovascular Disease
  2. Cerebrovascular Disease
  3. Peripheral Vascular Disease